It has to meet MB229.5 spec
I use Shell 0w40 and it's the right spec for our cars.
No it doesn't.
and
No it's not.
Firstly, Mercedes only test a small range of oils. Just because it hasn't been tested doesn't mean it wouldn't conform to the correct standards.
Secondly, 0W oil is designed to protect engines during cold starts in cold temperatures. Cold as in Canada, Norway etc. Not the UK.
5W is the lowest you should consider using in the UK. It's what Mitsubishi recommend and it's their engine.
Just because there are 0W oils listed on the MB229.5 spec doesn't mean it's OK to use.
I find it funny how people who don't really understand think that 0W oil is some super multi purpose oil that can be used wherever and whenever. It's not a universal premium oil that should be used if you can afford it. You never hear people say "I'm gonna use 20W/50 oil because it's mentioned in the manual".
This 0W in everything nonsense is going to be hard to stop because people don't understand or listen.
Oil NEEDS to cling onto surfaces to work. In our temperate climate the temperature is too high so the 0W oil is too thin to cling. This reduces the protection you get during a cold start. Once the oil heats up it becomes the 2nd figure, 30 or 40 which is fine as that's what the car is designed to have at operating temperatures. However, 90+% of engine wear occurs at the start up.